Featured Item of the Month Taken from the collection of of poems "The Poetry of a Nation" by Kostas Romaios, Athens 1968. We thank Mr. Kostas Apostolidis -President of Ποντιακή Λέσχη, of Salonika, Greece - who sent us the collection of poems. We also thank Professor Eleni Phufas of Erie Community College, Buffalo, NY for the translation.
“The Captive”
Far from Greece, far from our beloved “Romaion Empire/Romanyan”, or “Romania” the Captive was born and raised. The folk songs of Pontus do not mention his name. He insists on the song naming him with the repulsive attribute that his mother, a captive of the Saracens (Arab Muslims), had acquired. This is why it names him “The Captive”. He was also a prisoner of Emir Ali, just as his mother was. Here is how the story of pillaging and captivity is narrated by the hero of our song:
They destroyed the churches and stole the icons,
They took golden crosses, and silver vessels,
They took my mother, pregnant (empaidos) with me as well.
Μακριά από την Ελλάδα, μακριά από την αγαπημένη «Ρωμανία», γεννήθηκε και μεγάλωσε «ό Αιχμάλωτον». Το δημοτικό τραγούδι του Πόντου δεν αναφέρει τό όνομά του. Επιμένει να τον ονομάζει μέ την αποκρουστική ιδιότητα που είχε αποκτήσει η μητέρα του, αιχμάλωτη των Σαρακηνών. Γι' αυτό και τον ονομάζει «ο Αιχμάλωτον». Ήταν και αυτός ένας αιχμάλωτος του Εμίρ Αλή, όπως αιχμάλωτη στον ίδιον Εμίρη ήταν η μάνα του. Ιδού πως διηγείται την ιστορία της λεηλασίας και της αιχμαλωσίας ο ίδιος ο ήρωας του τραγουδιού μας:
Έπάτ’νανε τά έγκλησιάς κ έπαιρναν τά εικόνας,
επαίρνανε χρυσά σταυρούς, άργυρα μαστραπάδες,
επήραν και την μάννα μου, σ' έμέν έμπαιδος έτον. Read more
From the book The Songs of the Pontian People written by Stathis I. Efstathiadis, published by Kyriakidis Brothers, Thessaloniki, Greece 1992. Permission has been received by the author and the publisher to translate and post the poem below. Translation by Professor Eleni Phufas of Erie Community College, Buffalo, NY.
An Eagle Soared to the Heights
An Eagle soared to the heights, up high in the sky His feet were red and his beak was black, in his claws a brave youth’s hands he grasped. Eagle, would you give me what you hold? Can you tell me where the body is? - I cannot give what I hold. The body is over there. - Make an iron staff and bronze sandals And take the road, straight, straight down the path.
Over there beyond the mountain and farther on beyond the fig trees The black birds devour him, the white ones encircle him. - Eat birds, eat birds, eat the lonely hero, - the brave sea warrior the honored Akritas, in war a “Greek hero”, in battle like a lion.
From the book The Songs of the Pontian People written by Stathis I. Efstathiadis, published by Kyriakidis Brothers, Thessaloniki, Greece 1992.Permission has been received by the author and the publisher to translate and post the poem below. Translation by Professor Eleni Phufas of ErieCommunity College, Buffalo, NY.
Click below to listen
The “The Bridge of Trichas”is one of the most thrilling of Pontian songs. Its structure and melody presents peculiarities and innovations. At its most profound, human anguish emerges. It is danced in the “dipat” rhythm.It is played with the lyre and is sung with passion. The people love this song in particular and preserve its memory and all its details from its contents.
Within its poetic content an exciting legend dominates. In order to reinforce the bridge a human sacrifice is required. And a specific human must be sacrificed. The wife of the master builder. The master builder, the protagonist of life, must sacrifice at the altar of society his chosen and beloved companion - his wife. The tragic element is apparent.
The song reverberates meanings that are lost in the depths of the eons of Greek history. Pre Christian elements dominate its contents. The phenomenon of human sacrifice is well known in ancient Greece. Persons, even dearly loved ones, are sacrificed in order to ensure the support of the gods so that humanity can succeed in a national or societal effort. Agamemnon sacrifices his daughter Iphigenia on the altar of Artemis so that the“favorable wind” will propel the ships setting out for Troy.
Click here for the English lyrics with commentary
Click here for the Pontian and Greek lyrics with commentary
Three Eagles
Taken from the book The Songs of the Pontian People by Stathis I. Efstathiadis, and published by Kyriakidis Bothers, Thessaloniki,Greece 1992. The author and the publisher permitted the translation and the posting of the poem below. Translated by Professor Eleni Phufas of ErieCommunity College, Buffalo, NY.
Three Eagles
Three eagles, three eagles and all three decorated finely,
they brought food, they brought drinks, sit and eat and drink.
One drank much wine and became drunk and fell asleep.
Another misstepped and erred on his way
and the other grew old and lost his wings.
Don’t cry for the one who got drunk, he’ll sober up,
Don’t cry for the one who erred, he’ll ask and find his way,
But cry for the one who grew old and more wings cannot grow.
Remarks and Observations
The psychosocial content of this poem is expressed in three poetic images. They are symbolic, and embodied by three eagles.
The first eagle symbolizes the fun-loving human, the human who is not troubled in life. He searches to find happiness and joy in a some what superficial way. Within the dizziness of intoxication, he experiences joy. The poetic image offers us the cheerful aspect of life.
The second eagle loses his way. He symbolizes the warrior who, because of a mistake, finds himself at an impasse. The circumstances of the third eagle constitute the basic aspiration
of the secular poet. The old eagle’s wings are torn. That symbol refers to the dramatic phases of human existence. It reminds us of the tragic fate of the human being who is born in order to die. The poetic image symbolizes the tragic circumstances of old age.
Between life and death, there stands the elderly man and woman each as a tragic individual. His future does not belong to him and he has lost the past.
The last line is a cry. It is a dramatic appeal.
“But cry for the one who grew old and more wings cannot grow”. The cry becomes a moral imperative aimed towards youth. It invites them to respect the aged. Someday they will also reach that point. If they do not convey respect, they will not have the right to demand it.
The aged among us are glowing pillars. They try hard to struggle with us. Their hearts yearn for the wonderful struggles, but they do not possess the corresponding strength.Their minds imagine the harshness of reality. They are unwilling.
Even so, the elders hold their own majesty.
They are living bearers of traditions.
They are a sacred altar in front of which youth
would do well to stand with respect,reflecting a little. Youth, as much as possible, must moderate the painful emotions of their parents.
Τρεις Αετοί
Τρεις αετοί, τρεις αετοί κι οι τρεις καϊτανεμένοι,
εγκαν φαΐν, έγκαν ποτήν, κάθουν καί τρών' καί πίνε.
Ο εις έπεν πολλά κρασίν κι έμέθυξεν κι έρρούξεν,
άλλος επαραστράτεσεν κι ελάθεψεν τη στράταν,
κι άλλος επαρεγέρασεν κι ετσακοφτερουλίεν.
Μη κλαίτε άτόν, π' έμέθυξεν, άπομεθεί καί σκούται,
μη κλαίτε άτον π' έλάθεψεν, καταρωτά καί πάει,
κλαψέστε άτον π' έγέρασεν κι άλλο φτερά 'κί φέρει.
•••
καϊτανεμένοι = γαϊτανοστολισμένοι,
έτσακοφτερουλίεν = τουσπάσαν τά φτερά, γέρασε,
σκούται = σηκώνεται.
Τρεις αητοί
Τρεις αετοί, τρεις αετοί, γαϊτανοστολισμένοι,
φέραν φαγί, φέραν πιοτό, κάθονται, τρών' καί πίνουν.
Ό ένας παραμέθυσε κι έπεσε κι έκοιμήθη,
ό άλλος παραστράτησε καί λάθεψε τό δρόμο
κι ό τρίτος παραγέρασε καί σπάσαν τά φτερά του.
Μη κλαίτε αυτόν πού μέθυσε, θά ξεμεθύσει πάλι,
μη κλαίτε αυτόν πού λάθεψε, θά βρει ρωτώντας άκρη,
μόν' κλάψτε αυτόν πού γέρασε καί πιά φτερά δέν φέρνει.
παρατηρήσεις και σχόλια
Τό κοινωνικοψυχολογικο περιεχόμενο του ποιήματος εκφράζεται με τρεις ποιητικές εικόνες. Είναι συμβολικές. Τίς ενσαρκώνουν τρεις αετοί.
Ό πρώτος αητός συμβολίζει τον γλεντοκόπο άνθρωπο. Αυτόν πού δέν προβληματίζεται στη ζωή. Κοιτάζει νά βρει τη χαρά καί τήν ευτυχία μέ τρόπο κάπως επιπόλαιο. Μέσα στη ζάλη της μέθης νιώθει ευτυχισμένος. Ή ποιητική εικόνα δίνει τήν εύθυμη όψη της ζωής.
Ό δεύτερος άητός χάνει τό δρόμο. Συμβολίζει τόν αγωνιστή, πού, άπό κάποιο λάθος, βρίσκεται σέ αδιέξοδο.
Ή περίπτωση του τρίτου αητούαποτελεί τον βασικό στόχο του λαϊκού ποιητή. Τού γερασμένου άητού τά φτερά είναι τσακισμένα. Ό συμβολισμός άφορα τη δραματική φάση της ανθρώπινης ζωής. Υπενθυμίζει τήν τραγική μοίρα τού ανθρώπου, πού γεννιέται, γιά νάπεθάνει. Ή ποιητική εικόνα συμβολίζειτήν τραγική θέση τών γερατειών.
Ανάμεσα ζωής και θανάτου, στέκει ό γέροντας, ή γερόντισσα, σάν πρόσωπο τραγικό. Τό μέλλον δέν τουανήκει και έχασε το παρελθόν.
Ό τελευταίος στίχος είναι κραυγή. Είναι επίκληση δραματική.
Μόν' κλάψτε αυτόν, πού γέρασε καί πιά φτερά δέν φέρνει. Γίνεται ή κραυγή ηθικό παράγγελμα προς τους νέους. Τους καλεί νά σεβαστούν τά γερατειά. Κάποτε θά φτάσουν καί εκείνοιστήν ίδια θέση. "Αν δέν αποδώσουν τόν οφειλόμενο σεβασμό, δέν θά έχουναργότερα τό δικαίωμα νά τόν απαιτήσουν.
Φωτεινές κολώνες οί γέροντες ανάμεσα μας. Πασχίζουν νά αγωνιστούν μαζί μας. Ή καρδιά τους ποθεί τους ωραίους αγώνες, μά δέν έχουν τίς ανάλογες δυνάμεις. Ό νους τους στοχάζεται τή σκληρή πραγματικότητα. Είναι πιά ανήμποροι.
"Ομως, έχουν τά γερατειά τό δικό τους μεγαλείο. Είναι ζωντανοί φορείς παραδόσεων.Είναι βωμός ίερός, μπροστά στον όποιο οφείλουν τά νιάτα νά σταθούν μέ σεβασμό καί λίγο φιλοσοφώντας. Πρέπει, οσο μπορούν, νά μετριάσουν τά αισθήματα πόνου τών γεννητόρων τους.
The Songs of the Pontian People
From the book The Songs of the Pontian People written by Stathis I. Efstathiadis, published by Kyriakidis Brothers, Thessaloniki, Greece 1992. Permission has been received by the author and the publisher to translate and post the poem below. Translation by Professor Eleni Phufas of Erie Community College, Buffalo, NY.
Hellenism/Romiosoni is lost *Pontian Greek dialect version
A bird, a kind bird, from the City flying, neither at vines nor at fields he alighted, He flew and perched at the Portal of Hagia Sophia. His wing he revealed, in blood soaked, And his other wing holding a paper inscribed. What it meant no one could understand or decipher not even the Patriarch and all his clerics. And a young boy, a kind little boy goes near and reads it. And once he reads it he cries, his heart cries: Alas and woe is us, Hellenism is lost!
Πάρθεν ή Ρωμανία...
Έναν πουλίν, καλόν πουλίν, έβγαίν' από την Πόλιν, ουδέ σ' αμπέλια κόνεψεν, ουδέ σά περιβόλια, επήγεν καί ν' εκόνεψεν σ' για-Σοφιάς την Πόρταν. ‘Εδειξεν τ' έναν τό φτερόν, σό αίμαν βουτεμένον. Καί σ' άλλο τό φτερόν άθε, χαρτίν βαστά γραμμένον. Άτό κανείς 'κί άναγνώθ',κανείς 'κί ξέρ' ντό λέγει, μηδέ κι ό Πατριάρχης μου μέ όλους τους παπάδες. Κι έναν παιδίν, καλόν παιδίν, πάει καί άναγνώθει. Σίτ' αναγνώθει, σίτια κλαίει, σίτια κρούει την καρδίαν: Ν' άηλί εμάς καί βάιεμάς, 'παρθεν ή Ρωμανία.
Hellenism is lost/Romiosini *Modern Greek Version A bird, a nice bird from the City departs and neither on the vineyard nor in the fields paused, He flew away and on the portal of Hagia Sophia alighted. His one wing he revealed and blood soaked it was.
On his other wing he holds a paper inscribed. Not one person can read the message, neither can my patriarch with all his clerics. And one boy, a kind boy, the message he reads. Reading and crying,these words he utters: Woe to us, Alas to us, Hellenism is lost!
Χάθηκε ή Ρωμιοσύνη
‘Ενα πουλί, καλό πουλί, από την Πόλη βγαίνει κι ουδέ στ' αμπέλια στάθηκε κι ουδέ στά περιβόλια, φτερούγισε καί κόνεψε στ' Άγια-Σοφιάς την Πόρτα. ‘Εδειξε τόνα τό φτερό κι ήταν ματωβαμένο.
Στήν άλλη τη φτερούγα του χαρτί βαστά γραμμένο. Νά τό διαβάσει δεν μπορεί τό μήνυμα κανένας, μηδέ κι ό Πατριάρχης μου μέ τους παπάδες όλους. Κι ένα παιδί, καλό παιδί, τό μήνυμα διαβάζει. Διαβάζοντας καί κλαίοντας, τούτα τά λόγια λέει: Άλλοί σέ μας, άλλοί σέ μας, ή Ρωμιοσύνη 'χάθη!
The poem below is from the book The Songs of the Pontian People by Stahis Efstathiadis, published by Kyriakidis Brothers Publishers,
Thessaloniki,
Greece. The poem has been translated by Professor Phufas of
ErieCommunity College,
Buffalo,
NY and has been posted here with the permission of Mr. Efstathidis and the publisher.
Alexander Ypsilantis the Pontian Greek Hero (1792-1828)
In the City when the Greek Emperor Constantine reigned
Cunning were his guards and unscrupulous his advisors.
Twelve Eastern Romans there were, these lords, evil doers.
And they did not judge justly, but surrendered the City,
Locked the churches and all the monasteries
along with Aghia Sophia, and the great Monastery.
And the Portal was bolted by the Lord’s hand.
Years and years went by, long eras were spanned
the key was lost and Aghia Sophia stayed shuttered.
From the Heavens the Master, and from Earth the Workers are entreated!
This poem is a creation of the Pontian muse after the destruction of
Constantinople and Trapezounta. In the final tragic moments, the last Emperor of Byzantium is abandoned by all. The now familiar dramatic entreaties fall on deaf ears. The “powerful forces”, the financially influential individuals do not help him. By any means, they attempt to abandon
Constantinople with their wealth.
The Pontian muse does soul searching. God punishes the race nation for its sins. The nation is not surprised at this. “Because it was the will of God for the City to become Turkified.” The Pontian verse says it otherwise: “From the Heavens a key for the gate of Hagia Sophia appears.” Continuing on, the Pontian folk poet feels that the wicked toil will last many years. The Portal of Hagia Sophia, the great Gate of Hellenism, will remain bolted for many centuries.
Bu tthe Lord does not sentence the Greek nation to death. The momentous hour will arrive. “While the Roman era has passed, it will bloom and bring another.” This is the same poetic stanza of the Greek folk song: “Again with time and ages, again they are ours.” The vision of the Pontian muse finds its first expression in April 1820.
The Filiki Eteria (Society of Friends) is led by Alexander Ypsilantis at
Odessa and with the following words he is entrusted with the leadership for the struggle: “The Lord, the Prince, invites you to assume the leadership of the struggle and to lead it to the new
Israel to the Promised Land.” And this Pontian by heritage, Alexander Ypsilantis, gladly accepts this command.
The Greek Revolution of 1821 should be blessed by the Lord Himself, in accordance with popular beliefs. However, the Pontian muse determines realistically the ordeal, which leads to freedom. The Greeks will not obtain their freedom as a gift from God. They will obtain it only through their struggles.
The Pontian verse elucidates it quite clearly. In order for the portal of Agia Sophia to be unlocked - the great Gate of Hellenism, its avenue to freedom - the Master and the Worker are required; the Master from the Heavens and the Worker from Earth. The Architect of Greek freedom, the Lord Himself, at other times the Avenger of the Nation. However, cooperation of the Greek rebel, the Worker of the Earth is needed as well. “What is needed is the Master from the Heavens and the Worker from the Earth.”
Hagia Sophia – The Cathedral of Holy Wisdom - The current building was originally constructed in
Constantinople as a Church between A.D. 532 and 537 on the orders of the Byzantine Emperor Justinian; it was later turned into a mosque by the Muslim Turks and is today a museum in
Constantinople named
Istanbul.
THE PROMISED JOURNEY, Pontus by Sophia Petrides-Kappatos Click Here for book summary & ways to purchase Click Here for The American Relief Committee for the Near East Article